Avaliação das salas de vacinas do município de Campina Grande – PB

Abstract

Introduction: Vaccination presents itself as one of the most effective public policies in the country's history, contributing to the reduction of morbidity and mortality due to preventable infectious and contagious diseases. The Unified Health System, through the National Immunization Program, regulates the rules for the implementation and implementation of vaccination services. This program recommends that the evaluation of vaccination rooms should be carried out in a systematic way and conducted according to a structured questionnaire of the Program of Evaluation of the Supervision Instrument for the Vaccination Room (PAISSV), of the Ministry of Health. Objective: To evaluate the functioning, the organization, the operationalization and standardization of procedures in vaccination rooms in the municipality of Campina Grande-PB. Methods: Exploratory, cross-sectional and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The study included 65 vaccine rooms that were visited between June and December 2019. The data collected were tabulated in the Microsoft Excel program and analyzed using the statistical platform R (R Core Team, 2019), carried out the test chi-square (χ2) to calculate the dispersion value and the Yates correction applied for frequencies less than 5. Results: The vaccine rooms visited are mostly located in the urban area, 90.77%, of which 95.38% are exclusive for vaccination. Regarding the physical structure of the rooms, it was seen that 70.77% have a smaller size than recommended and 60% of the rooms do not have air conditioning and the absence of a cold room was seen in 98.92%. Regarding the cleaning of the rooms, it was found that 75.38% of the units did not perform general cleaning of the rooms. Regarding the work process, it was seen that only 61.54% know the Crie and 41.54% and 61.54% do not know vaccination coverage and the abandonment rate respectively, in 72.31% there is no segregation of the various types of waste and 80% do not treat live vaccines before disposal. Tests carried out in order to verify the association of some variables, among them the training of professionals, revealed that professionals who did not carry out the daily bulletin (p-value: 0.005), and 46 (90%) claimed not to carry out the monthly bulletin (p -value: 0.036), the relationship between the existence of training with the performance of some actions was satisfactory, given that some actions are outdated after the implementation of new reporting tools. Conclusion: Given the above, it was seen that despite the existence of problems related to health professionals working in the rooms, what prevails are problems related to the physical structure and lack of necessary and appropriate materials. It is important to emphasize that these points must be reviewed by management, which must guarantee a minimally adequate physical structure, inputs and materials necessary for an adequate assistance to the population. It is still important to emphasize the need for the implementation of supervision in a systematic way as well as the monitoring and evaluation of the rooms.