Estudo fitoquímico e atividade biológica da Tacinga inamoena (K. Schum.) N.P. Taylor & Stuppy

Abstract

Tacinga inamoena (K. Schum.) N. P. Taylor & Stuppy, known as quipá, is a native cactus Northeast distributed almost everywhere in the semiarid region, it is indicated in folk medicine for diseases in the urethra, asthma, inflammations and combating worms. However, their chemical and pharmacological properties are known. This study aimed to isolate secondary compounds and investigate the biological activities of Tacinga inamoena. The roots was prepared ethanol extract (EEB) and hydroalcoholic extracts (EHA), and performed the physicochemical characterization and thermogravimetric. Isolation and identification of compounds were obtained, respectively, by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques such as infrared (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 1H and 13C NMR, using techniques one and two-dimensional beyond comparison with literature data. Antimicrobial activity was tested across bacterial and fungal strains American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and multiresistant strains of clinical isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the ability to modulate the resistance of microbial strains were assessed by broth microdilution method. Cytotoxicity forward the erythrocytes and the antioxidant activity by consumption of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was performed. In thermogravimetric curve there was the presence of three events related to weight loss, this data standardization work in the plant material, corroborating its quality control. The qualitative screening was suggestive for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. The infrared spectrum of the pulverized material reinforces the roots by the presence of these compounds display characteristic of hydroxyl groups and ester groups. In the semi-quantitative screening yielded a concentration of 65 mg/g polyphenols and 3.3 mg/g of flavonoids in EEB. Five compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane phase (Fdic): β-sitosterol-3- O-glycoside, N-trans feruloyl 4-O methyldopamine, N-cis feruloyl 4-O methyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyl tyramine and N-cis-feruloyl tyramine, all new to the genre. It was observed antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate phase (Facet) against the strain of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC (25923) (125 µg/ml) and low antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant strain of S. aureus 109 (1000 µg/mL). The Fdic, Facet and butanol phase (Fbut) showed activity against Escherichia coli 5I (500 µg/ml) and showed Fdic action also against Escherichia coli 5A (500 µg/mL). The phases partitioned and EEB showed potentiating effect opposite to multiresistant Gram-positive strains (S. aureus 109) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli 5A 2) in combination with the tested antibiotics. The β-sitosterol-3-O glycoside showed strong action modulatory front neomycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, cefazolin and ceftriaxone. The EEB and partitioned phases demonstrated low potential Hemolyzing (<10%) at concentrations that correlated with its biological activity ≤ 500 µg/mL. The EEB showed weak antioxidant activity against the DPPH radical, with IC50 equivalent to 348.66 µg/mL. Tacinga inamoena demonstrated important biological activities and novel compounds in the genus, indicating it as drug production potential candidate.