Aplicação de simulação no planejamento de reabilitação de redes de distribuição de água

Abstract

Factors such as service pressure, quality of plumbing material, water quality, and those resulting from aging pipes, as well as improper system operation and maintenance practices, can contribute to their increased wear, reducing their service life. In addition, it seems to be lacking the application of a more technical-scientific management process, involving continuous actions of efficient planning and management aiming at the proper functioning and the guarantee of the supply of water of adequate quality and accessible to the population. This work aims to propose a conceptual model for the rehabilitation planning of the Campina Grande water distribution network (SAACG), as an auxiliary management tool. In the modeling process, the EPANET 2.0 program was used to simulate the behavior of pressures and free residual chlorine in the city's water distribution network, proposing scenarios with improvements to the operation of the supply system. The sectors of the distribution network studied were the districts of Prata, São José, and Centro, in the zone of pressure B. Through the analysis of the scenarios, it was observed that, in terms of pressure, the central district was with 19% of nodes with pressures above 50 mca during the whole simulated period, while for the CRL the most critical neighborhood, São José, presented 95% of the nodes in non compliance with the requirements of Portaria n° 5 of 2017 of the Ministry of Health. Thus, the Prata district, with all parameters compliant, proving to be a good example of SAACG performance. The proposed rehabilitation scenarios obtained improvements in 24% of the Central district and 67% in the São José neighborhood, proving that the suggested measures are quite efficient for the improvement of the supply network. Therefore, it was concluded that the simulation, through EPANET 2.0, is an important auxiliary tool in the management of the supply systems along with the use of conceptual models, and can contribute significantly to the improvement of the quality of the water supply service, including planning your rehabilitation.