Usabilidade dos comandos de uma máquina de hemodiálise na percepção da equipe de enfermagem que atua na assistência ao paciente renal crônico

Abstract

Hemodialysis is a process of removing metabolites accumulated in the blood. According to the Brazilian Society of Nephrology, the estimated number of people who were undergoing dialysis treatment in the period of July 1, 2016 was about 119,741 people. In this sense, the hemodialysis machine should allow the use of sodium bicarbonate or acetate solution as a bath, in addition to being able to control certain variables that concern the patient’s safety. Within this context, nursing professionals play an important role in the hemodialysis process. The present study aimed to evaluate the usability of the hemodialysis machine commands in the perception of the nursing team that acts in the assistance to the chronic renal patient. This is a quantitative-qualitative research of the descriptive phenomenological type. The study sample consisted of 02 nurses degree and 17 licensed practical nurse, randomly selected, aged between 21 and 51 years, linked to a Hemodialysis Unit located in the West of Bahia. In the first stage of the study we measured age; sex; monthly income; time of training; time of work in the nursing area; and time of work in hemodialysis of the participants/women. In the second stage, the participants' perception of the degree of difficulty (i.e., very easy; easy; difficult; very difficult; indifferent) of the controls arranged in the hemodialysis machine display and their/or their opinion about the hemodialysis machine in general was measured. The results pointed (1) the handling of the equipment is easy with regard to drive and identification of basic control functions, such as "Catabolha Fixator", "Safety Air Clamp (SAK)", "Pressure Sensor Connector - Blood Pressure (PA)", among others; (2) the alarms emitted do not have distinct sounds for the different problems that may occur during the procedure (e.g. gas embolism, lack of dialyzing solution, etc.); (3) only professionals more experienced in the exercise of hemodialysis are able to identify occurrences indicated by the equipment alarm (e.g. gas embolism, lack of dialysis solution) in an agile way, (4) Deficit in the frequency of training for the handling of hemodialysis equipment (4) Deficit in the frequency of training for the handling of hemodialysis equipment; (5) Deficit in the grade of technical and higher courses in nursing with regard to hemodialysis practices. Further studies on the subject are suggested, with the aim of improving the alarm system of hemodialysis equipment, so that the sound signals emitted can distinguish possible occurrences during the hemodialytic procedure, in addition to constant training for team recycling regarding the handling of hemodialysis equipment and the insertion of content related to hemodialysis and the handling of hemodialysis equipment in the curriculum of the licensed practical nurse and higher courses in nursing.