Eles eram muitos cavalos - o romance Duchampiano de Luiz Ruffato

Abstract

This paper proposes a theoretical and critical reflection on the novel Eles eram muitos cavalos by Luiz Ruffato (2001/2012), situating some lines of the strength and artistic and aesthetic thinking of a fragmented literature that was often questioned, denied, rejected in regard to its proper classification within the literary genres established to date in the various models and theoretical manuals, giving rise to central questions within the discourses and generating critical challenges about contemporary literature. Starting from the relations established between Ruffato's novel and the Cubist art, especially Duchamp's ready-made. The thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, we sought to trace a path that covered the conscious understanding of the theoretical aspects of the novel itself, the experimental form of the novel in fragments, the multiplicity that has accompanied the literary making embracing the artistic making of his poiesis, as well as pertinent comments from the specialized criticism, we relied on theorists like Lukács (2000), Bakhtin (2002) and Harrison (2007) among others. Consequently, in the second chapter, the analysis and social criticism that the corpus of analyzes brings to our research makes it even richer and more interesting since it is not enough to just treat literature or any artistic expression outside its historical and social context, because it is essential to approach the work in its complexity, in this sense, we understand how the idea of fragment creates an issue of reality, of the daily tragicidade conceived within the great Brazilian metropolis, of discourse as an instance of the present/presentificação of reality through which the subjects are understood and taken in their singularities according to Agamben (1993; 2010), Schollhammer (2009), Resende (2008). In the perspective of establishing a relationship that goes beyond the form and content of the novel in fragments, we sought to undertake artistic creation for the third chapter as a means through which art policy proposals reveal the world considering in the novel "classic" historical and the aesthetic proposal present in Eles eram muitos cavalos from an avant-garde reading of the 20th century and a critical look towards the 21st century novel, the way it is linked to the artistic creation plan. Thus, together with the literary fragments of Ruffato's novel, the paper in question involves the analysis of Duchamp's ready-made artistic production and cubist painting with the main objective of identifying the intersection of distinct arts and close aesthetic moments, discussing from the perspective of Paz (2002), Sypher (1980) in which it was intended to reach decisive questions for contemporary aesthetic thinking, from notions about the literary production of the present, the reality and the presentificação and the daily tragicidade of the less favored population in large urban centers and their immaterial wealth, as well as the possibility of poetic creation to signify space/text as ready-made-text in a critical reflection on literary making.