A contrarreforma trabalhista brasileira e a (des)padronização da jornada de trabalho: expressões da flexibilização irrestrita

Abstract

This study intends to analyze the Brazilian Labor Reform, mainly to understand the changes in control over working time imposed by Law nº 13.467/2017, in the context of counter-reform to regressively change the social rights won by the Brazilian working class. The present analysis has, as a methodological proposal, a perspective based on Marx's critical-dialectical materialism, through documentary and bibliographic research, of an predominantly qualitative nature with the aid of some quantitative data. From start, analyzes the socio-historical foundations of the working hours as an oscillating regulation movement, since the period of emergence of its standardization and progressive reduction of hours, followed by the universalization of the Triple Eight rule, currently inflected by production flexible and the structural crisis of capital; such factors are fundamental for the real understanding of the productive restructuring, especially of the deregulation of the working hours. Subsequently, it demarcates the legislative process for regulating working time in Brazil, pointing out the standardized working hours as an expression of socially protected and complex work in a contradictory process of correlation of forces. Finally, it is specified the six pillars of the Labor Reform that accelerated the extraction of surplus value by extending and intensifying the working hours, including the elimination of porosities. As a result of the research, it was inferred a new meaning of working time in response to capital accumulation, making working hours more intense and less porous.