O processo de contrarreforma na política de saúde mental: análise das tendências no governo de Michel Temer

Abstract

This dissertation intends to analyze the national policy of mental health in the process of counterreform of the Brazilian State, expressing the tendencies that present themselves in contemporaneity, specifically in the government of Michel Temer. It is evident from the 1990s and continuity in the years 2000 a counter-reform of the Brazilian State that despite different conjunctures the constitutive elements are dialectically incorporated, with implications for social policies, with emphasis on mental health policy. Given the contemporary scenario, the process of counterreform in the field of mental health is regressive and in turn promotes the dismantling of the Psychiatric Reform. The theoreticalmethodological foundation of this research finds its basis in the dialectical reason of critical social theory, since it allows the analysis of mental health policy in an ontological, critical and historical perspective of reality. In order to undertake the study, we structured the research process in a bibliographic and documentary study. Data analysis shows three trends in mental health policy in Michel Temer's government: a) Creation of the Mental Health Outpatient Network - a mix of past and present; b) the "resurgence" of the Psychiatric Hospital - revisiting a recent past; and c) the Therapeutic Communities - inclusion as a health service. The treatment and analysis of the data allow us to point out that contemporary mental health policy requires a critical reflection to clearly delineate the tendencies placed in a context of societal transformations in the context of a structural crisis of capital. The analysis of the real has shown us that the capitalist outflows in times of crisis and counterreform processes have led to the re-actualization of the manicomial practices, with new clothes, in a mix of past and present, these traits that are striking in the Brazilian reality.