Acolhimento às mulheres com deficiência mental vítimas de violência sexual

Abstract

Sexual violence is a public health problem of global character and epidemiological dimension that requires action to stimulate studies on the subject, in order to propose interventions for prevention and appropriate care. This study aimed to understand how the host team of a referral hospital provides care to women with mental disabilities, victims of sexual violence. A descriptive qualitative approach realized in the period from February to July 2016, at the Hospital de Emergência e Trauma Dom Luiz Gonzaga Fernandes (HETDLGF), reference multidisciplinary care in the city of Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. The research participants were professionals who make up the hospital host team service, in which the amount of the sample was determined based on the criterion of saturation of information. The collection was concluded with 18 interviews, composed by: six nurses, five nursing technicians, four psychologists and three socais assistants. It was adopted the following eligibility criteria: the professional had worked at least one year in the host team, was in occupation during the data collection period and had availability to participate. Data collection was initiated only after the research project approval by the Ethics Committee of the State University of Paraíba and institutional approval of the Emergency and Trauma Hospital Dom Luiz Gonzaga Fernandes. Data referring to interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Bardin's Content Analysis. After the transcription of the interviews’ answers and successive readings, were listed four thematic categories: the disability as vulnerability to sexual violence; impasses in the care of the multidisciplinary team; reception procedures in attendance of cases of sexual violence; and finally, the family as a protective factor or a risk factor for sexual violence in women with mental disabilities. It was concluded that professionals hosting of the Emergency and Trauma Hospital Dom Luiz Gonzaga Fernandes - HETDLGF presents difficulties in women with mental disability assistance when they were sexually assaulted. The lack of training, inadequate dynamic and physical structure, reflects the care and reporting of cases. The study’s results can contribute in professional activities involved in teaching, research and extension in the field of assistance to people with disabilities and specifically, in welcoming women mentally disabled victims of sexual violence.