Organismos que participam das diferentes fases do tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares

Abstract

The main objective of this thesis was to evaluate the meso-invertebrates that participate different phases in the aerobic treatment of organic household solid residues, correlating with the physical, chemical and sanitary changes. The work was divided in five stages: identification of the social profile of the residents; development and application of strategies in Environmental Education; expansion of selective collection; gravimetric characterization of household solid waste and analysis of the organisms that participate in the treatment of organic household solid waste. The household solid wastes were collected at the generating source, evidencing the average production of 0.67 kg/ inhab./day. Of this total, 49% comprise the organic portion generated and not harvested, and with great contaminant potential (8.9 eggs of viable helminths / gST), justifying the need for treatment before being released into the environment. During the treatment, 420 meso-invertebrates were identified, having a distribution in six orders: Diptera (88.7%), Mesostigmata (5.3%), Isopoda (2.5%), Coleoptera (2.4%), Orthoptera (0,6%), and Araneae (0.5%). It was verified that the meso-invertebrates play an important role in the aerobic treatment of organic household solid residues, favoring the stabilization and hygiene of the organic moiety. The action of these organisms is sequential and follows an order in accordance with the physical and chemical characteristics of the system. The greatest diversity was evidenced in the thermophilic phase. The study of meso- invertebrates in an aerobic treatment system of organic household solid waste collected at the source and analyzed in loco was an important and easily monitored tool due to the short life cycle of these organisms. It is concluded that during the aerobic treatment of organic solid waste there is considerable participation of organisms that act according to the principle of ecological succession, in the different phases of the treatment, correlating with the physical and chemical changes.