Música na formação inicial e no ensino de Química: Saberes, práticas e aprendizagens

Abstract

In Brazilian schools the demand for didactic resources able to promote interaction in Chemistry classes and to contribute to learning is frequent. This research aimed to analyze how music favors the performance in students learning during the presentation of the topic “Introduction to the study of Chemistry”, from the elaboration and application of a didactic- pedagogical proposal experienced in the classroom in two public schools of the state of Paraíba with students from the 9th year of Elementary School and 1st year of High School. The interest arose from the experience of the researcher in the school space when faced with the difficulties of the students and the desire to innovate his teaching practice. This work is based on proposals on music in teaching, on National Curriculum Parameters (PCN), Paulo Freire's pedagogical approach and Vygotsky's conception of learning. The reference of analysis is the evaluation of a pedagogical proposal based on the use of music in the Chemistry classes experienced by students of the Chemistry Course, as well as its application by professors graduated in Chemistry in the classes of the 9th year of Elementary School and 1st year of Highschool. The proposal was presented to the undergraduate chemistry students through a workshop in 2016 and applied in 2017 with duration of 6 classes contemplating the topic Introduction to the study of Chemistry. Each part of the music was associated with questions for probing and followed by correlated activities: text, video and quizzes. The research has a qualitative nature with an interpretative approach, having as participants nine students pursuing a licentiate degree in chemistry and 42 students from Basic Education. Three semi structured questionnaires addressed to the subjects of the research (graduates, professors graduated in Chemistry and students) were used for data collection. The data was systematized and interpreted in accordance to the theoretical reference. The results reveals that the use of music as a didactic-pedagogical resource assists the teachers and provides the students more participative classes, instigating their interest not only in the discipline, but also making the classes more interactive, promoting a closer relationship between the students and their teachers. Therefore, the teaching proposal comprising music as a didactic resource favors the teaching-learning process of the scientific content taught in Chemistry classes in Basic Education.