Gestão de resíduos sólidos sob a ótica da tecnologia social: Uma experiência em Campina Grande – PB

Abstract

Integrated management is a set of actions aimed at finding solutions to the problems arising from solid waste. Among the priorities of Federal Law No. 12305/2010, we highlight the selective collection and socioeconomic inclusion of collectors of recyclable materials that are commonly excluded from the formal labor market, making eminent the development of social technologies for the emancipation of these actors. In this perspective, the present work aims to develop and evaluate the management model in the Malvinas neighborhood, in Campina Grande - PB, under the perspective of social technology. The participatory and experimental research was carried out from March 2016 to November 2017, being carried out in five stages: sensitization and mobilization in environmental education, registration of residents to increase selective collection in th e neighborhood, dissemination of results in event, technological conditions employed by recyclable waste collectors under study, development (innovations) and evaluation of technologies to carry out the management of dry recyclable solid waste in said neighborhood. As a result, the following should be highlighted: Selective collection (20.84%) in the said neighborhood, as well as the development and / or adaptation of four technologies: internal collector (CMRI2) for storage inside the dwellings of the research residents (C8) for the transport of dry recyclable solid waste with dimensions 100x150x150 cm and mobile receivers (R1) for post -sorting waste in dimensions 100x100x100 cm. The positive impacts evidenced through direct observation, reports of recyclable waste collectors in the study and residents of the selective collection were: Increase in the volume of solid waste recycling (48.5%), Income increase (29.07% ), better conditions to the professional practice of material pickers, making possible the sel ective collection. Therefore, the development and application of technological alternatives, based on social technology, favored the integrated management of solid waste, by reducing negative impacts on the environment, as well as, by making feasible the professional practice of collectors of recyclable materials and selective collection in source.