Narrativas de identidade nacional: dissonância entre turcos e curdos na Anatólia

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to discuss the dissonance between Turkish and Kurdish identities in Anatolia, considering the conflagration of conflict between its representative actors. In this sense, the paper encompasses three sections: (a) presentation of theoretical perspectives on identity in the relevant historical contexts of the international system; (b) description of the trajectory of the Kurdish question in international politics; and (c) identification of the prospect scenarios for the dilemma between the narrative of Turkish national identity and the narrative of Kurdish national identity. The delimited time frame covers the period between 1984 and 2016. The methodology adopted includes the following classification: (a) descriptive research on the purposes; (b) bibliographical research on means; and (c) qualitative research on the form of approach. The research concludes that the conflict between the Turkish state and the Kurdish ethnic group is a reflection of the international system conjunctures that resulted in separatist nationalisms. Asymmetric identities and antagonistic languages, as well as poverty and despotism are the structural causes of long periods of violence in Anatolia. Sustainable peace will only be established through changes in Turkey's political, economic and social structures, starting with the dialogue between Partiya Karkêren Kurdistan (PKK) and the Turkish government. Only with the end of military and paramilitary operations the principles of democratization and self-determination can be institutionalized in the region.