Inserção das PCD beneficiárias do BPC no mercado de trabalho: O programa BPC trabalho em questão

Abstract

The work of people with disabilities (PCD) has been, historically, the struggle of the social movements of this segment under the discourse of social inclusion. We understand that the forms of response to the needs of the PCD are linked to the different models of corporate organization and that, in the capitalist mode of production, does not escape the logic of productivity and extraction of surpluses necessary for the accumulation of capital. In 2012, the BPC Work Program was created, which aims to promote access to professional qualification and the labor market for beneficiaries of the Benefict of Continuous Provision (BPC). The present dissertation aims to analyze the insertion in the labor market of disabled people, beneficiaries of BPC, through this Program. To do so, we undertake a theoretical approach in order to understand the economic and political ground in which the object is inserted, as well as to analyze issues specific to the PCD. We take as a historic mark the crisis of capital and the bourgeois responses to the resumption of growth, with direct implications in the world of labor under productive restructuring and social policies, considering also the current conjuncture of counterreforms. In the Brazilian particularity, we infer how the ideals of social-liberalism were impregnated in social policies, in particular in the politics of Social Assistance, during the period of the PT governments, being the Program in study aligned to such perspective. About people with disabilities, we approach the questions about their denomination and insertion in social relations in different societal contexts, as a preamble to comprehend the relationship of this segment with the world of work. The methodology adopted prioritized the bibliographic and documentary study, which took place in the sense of understanding the contradictions and mediations intrinsic to this object. From the critical-dialectical approach, through the Marxian categories, we seek to capture it from its appearance. Based on information from the Ministries of policies involved in the implementation of the Program (social assistance, education and labor), as well as from the National Institute of Social Security, we have taken a course that has allowed us to make important approaches to the Program. The contradictions that permeate social policies and current downward trends in the face of the offensive of neoliberal orthodoxy imply a great deal in the applicability of the Program and in what it means the beneficiaries of the BPC are considered capable of producing and then called to be inserted in the job market. Therefore, in discussing the autonomy of PCDs through work and stressing the relationship between social assistance and labor, the Program in question puts issues relevant to the demands of the PCD on the agenda and, at the same time, is functional to capital, in a peculiar way in times of crisis, because it ends up being a gateway to the BPC, when it stimulates them to enter the labor market, to become self-sufficient citizens, emancipated in appearance, with implications for the composition of relative overpopulation and lump-proletariat.