A centralidade da família na política de saúde mental brasileira: estratégoas e contradições

Abstract

The family has received in the Brazilian mental health policy as a centrality in the psychiatric deinstitutionalization, perceived as care partner to the user in social reintegration. In a critical-dialectical perspective, which assumes that the family suffers an accountability process in this policy, considering the context of family responsibilities in requests of Brazilian social policy and that social policy absorbs both the interests demanded by the work and by capital, research aimed at analyzing the family centrality of contradictions in the care of people in mental distress. Therefore, we opted for a qualitative study, based on international and national official documents research to investigate the strategies and the underlying contradictions of the influence of the World Health Organization (WHO), as an international agency in the mental health policy, the treatment of national normative families, discussions of Mental Health national Conference and the direction of the Ministry of Health on the centrality of family care. To understand these joints around the family, broke the phenomenon to reach the essence, working with the Marxist categories of totality, contradiction and mediation to understand these issues. Therefore, it can be understood from the results of the research, the WHO influences the Brazilian state, which incorporates its international guidelines and passes on to the family accountability in the Brazilian mental health policy, as it removes responsibility of their actions as strategy to benefit the capital. The family plays an active and passive role, it receives a duty to ensure the rights guaranteed to users, but also required to meet the numerous demands of users at home and extradomiciliary with emotional overload and material. As proposed to work with these families, health professionals involved with subjective and micropolitical practices, guided by the Ministry of Health. Thus, the theme of the family be reconsidered, to be understood in the horizon of macro policy, their social rights, not only of duties, and receive the necessary assistance to care for your family member without overwhelming it.