A construção da identidade de gênero feminina no discurso do Jornal da Paraíba na primeira década do século XXI

Abstract

Starting from the perceived need to integrate two areas of the field of Humanities - Communication and Gender Studies - This thesis proposes an analysis of the construction of female gender identity in Paraíba Journal of the speech in the first decade of the twenty-first century (2001-2010 ). The specific objectives are as follows: statistically identify the journalistic material that refers to the construction of female gender identity in the studied decade (2001-2010); identify the key issues with which the female is listed in the material collected editions of the Journal of Paraiba; and analyze the content of news and reports, paying attention to the construction of female gender identity. To this end, the study is theoretically based on the concepts and the notions of gender and gender identity, as well as inserts in the field of Regional Communication and Information Site. With regard to methodology, it is a quantitative and qualitative work of documentary type. The quantitative analysis was conducted with a sample of 78 issues, based on a statistical work by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in the version 17.0 for statistical analysis, which resulted in graphs and tables according to each specific goal of the research. In the qualitative analysis, we used the Content Analysis, through the hermeneutic-dialectic method proposed by Minayo (2010), in thirty materials, a number determined by the saturation point. The collected data, the female appears in 66.7% of the material, mentioned mainly in the journalistic category 'News', in notebooks Cities, Arts & Life and General and on issues related to violence, culture and crime. From these data, we realized that the notions of gender and identity construction more applicants in the Journal can be summarized into three categories: female victim (arising mainly on the theme violence); woman protagonist (especially the theme culture) and criminal woman (who appears mainly in the theme crime). From these categories, we can see which gender identities Jornal built in his speech. Thus, the theme violence, sometimes not emphasized the identity of women as victims, now being emphasized this situation, such as in the field of sexual violence, although it has not been highlighted gender violence. The theme culture, built a protagonist woman identity, active agent in the world of culture / art / entertainment. With regard to criminal woman's identity, the woman appeared both as an accomplice (when he appeared with his companions / as and partners / as), the protagonist (when leading groups and criminal acts). We conclude that the Jornal da Paraíba both builds the subjects analyzed, a female gender identity, in accordance with stereotypes, norms and behaviors are still in effect socially, as advances in the construction of a female identity in which the woman is in status and role as an active subject of actions in the world of culture or crime.