Especificação de um sistema para auxiliar o monitoramento da doença renal crônica na Atenção Primária à Saúde

Abstract

Among the diseases that most concern public health is chronic kidney disease (CKD), considered the great epidemic of this millennium. CKD is neglected at the primary level of attention, since most patients are only aware of their condition in the late stages of the disease. Objective: To describe the functional requirements of a system that will assist the monitoring of chronic kidney disease in primary health care. Methods: It is a research, technological, exploratory, experimental, with a qualitative approach, based on a process of requirements engineering, which aims to specify a future system called Epidemiorim. The methodological path to achieve the objectives was divided into five stages: the first one was the identification of the functional requirements and future users of the system; The second stage corresponded to the documentation of the functional requirements elicited; The third, in the development of a document with the possible screens of the system in paper A4; In the fourth stage, there was negotiation of the requirements and implementation of a prototype; And the fifth and final step consisted in validati ng the main functional requirements of the system. The validation stage occurred after the use of the prototype by professionals of the family health teams of the municipality of Montadas-PB, who enrolled, evaluated and monitored the DRC in 99 patients. The reports generated in the prototype were still analyzed to verify the prevalence of the disease in the studied population, demonstrating that there was a second research coupled in the study being of the observational, transversal and descriptive type with a quantitative approach. Results: The documents developed by the client of the system in the first three stages were enough for the development team to implement a prototype able to both assist the Family health teams to monitor the CKD and generate repo rts with epidemiological data. The finding that the prototype was able to meet these demands occurred after the validation of 16 functional requirements in the fifth and final stage. The analysis of reports generated in the prototype showed that the prevalence of CKD in the sample was of 17.2%, and a second renal evaluation in these patients is still necessary to confirm this index. Conclusion: Based on the Epidemiorim prototype, whose requirements were based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Health regarding the management of CKD in SUS, the research objectives were reached. Thus, the Epidemiorim presented an effective partial system, either for providing the family health teams with the follow-up in their work process of the guidelines that are recommended to them by the Ministry of Health, or as a tool that will contribute to the patient Of risk to have a complete health care, or for the municipal management, that can refer this patient to the nephrologist in a timely manner and will have at his disposal epidemiological reports of the disease for the planning of health actions.