O regime de proibição às drogas: uma análise sob a perspectiva construtivista das Relações Internacionais

Abstract

International Relations began to address the issue of psychotropic substances, known as drugs, from international initiatives to debate, initiated the Shanghai Conference in 1909. However, these substances are present in daily life since long before, in ancient societies that used them with medical and medicinal purposes. This research exposes the path taken by the subject in the international environment, presenting and questioning the tone used in the various conferences within the United Nations, in order to extract the underlying ideas of the actors responsible for forming the International Regime of Drug Prohibition. This consists of control and prohibition of policies, regulatory framework supported by three conventions, protocols and amendments. The three UN conventions on drug control are complementary. The main purpose of the first two is to systematize the international control measures in order to ensure the availability of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for medical and scientific use, and prevent their distribution by illicit means, the third includes general measures on trafficking and drugs of abuse. Theories of International Regimes in light of the constructivist approach by Young and Constructivist Theory Institutionalist by Wendt were used for this research. Both combined with methodology of documentary analysis and literature review, provided the necessary tools for this research. One such tool is the relationship of co-creation between the Prohibition regime and the countries that have implemented it, this research uses the example of the United States to better illustrate the ideas behind prohibitionist policies and how they influenced the regime, as well as the regime influenced the States.