Função pulmonar em adolescentes escolares e sua relação com o risco cardiovascular avaliado pelo Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Young

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prevalence of pulmonary function changes among adolescent and their association with the lifestyle, anthropometric variables, cardiovascular risk by PDAY score and its components. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in public high schools in Campina Grande , Paraíba , Brazil , between September 2012 and June 2013, involving 525 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. A semi-structured form to the acquisition of socio- demographic and lifestyle was applied . Measurement of weight , height , waist circumference and neck was performed to assess nutritional status and blood pressure measured . To check the PDAY cardiovascular risk score were measured HDL - c , glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry and 10 manovacuometry . The chi-square test was used to assess the association between categorical variables , and Student t test to compare the mean value of variables between the groups . The relationship between the variables pneumofuncionais with components of the PDAY score as well as the variables of lifestyle and anthropometric was verified by simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS , version 17.0 , is considered the confidence interval of 95 % Results: The study revealed prevalence of 19.6 % reduction in forced vital capacity , 17.7% Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second and 70.5 % expiratory weakness. In multiple regression models , age , hours of physical activity , the hours in sedentary activities, body mass index and abdominal circumference and neck explained around 50 % of the behavior of spirometric variables . In manovacuômetricas variables , age , hours of physical activity and neck circumference explained 22 % of the changes found , with the body mass index included only in the explanatory model for maximal expiratory pressure . In relation to cardiovascular risk , adolescents with a reduction in FEV1 ( % Pred ) had the highest average points on PDAY score ( p = 0.029 ) and FVC ( l ) significantly associated with age ( p = 0.050 ) , pressure systolic blood pressure (p <0.01) and n- HDL cholesterol (p = 0.01). The normal MEP and MIP were related to higher mean BMI ( p = 0.003 and p < 0.001 , respectively) . Simple linear regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure and score the PDAY score were associated with pneumofuncionais all variables remaining in the composition of multiple regression models. Conclusions: The study shows a high prevalence of alterations in pulmonary function and its association with sleep / physical activity and cardiovascular risk assessed by the PDAY score.