Seleção de bactérias promotoras de crescimento em milho cultivado no semiárido obtidas por diferentes estratégias de isolamento

Abstract

Little information have now been raised about the diversity and biotechnological potential of soil microorganisms in the semiarid region, especially those associated with grasses The biological nitrogen fixation process (BNF) is the main form of nitrogen input (N) natural ecosystems and is brokered by diazotrophic symbiotic microorganisms or living free the aim of this study was to isolate and characterize, through biochemical and genetic methods, a collection of bacteria associated with maize (Zea mays) present in semi-arid soils using three different methodological approaches: (i) directly semisolid medium, (ii) directly on solid medium and (iii) using a leguminous plant as bait for obtaining the rhizobia associated with corn. 405 bacterial isolates were obtained which were characterized morphologically and genotypically. With respect to the biotechnological potential 92% of the isolates produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 30% solubilized calcium phosphate and 19% siderophores produced. It was confirmed antagonist activity to the fungus Fusarium oxysporum in the three methods studied. The restriction analysis (ARDRA) showed that the place of origin of the isolates was a determining factor for the group of bacteria. A total of 79 isolates were selected for growth promotion test vessels. The DBG10 and PBG82 isolated provide greater benefits to plants when inoculated in corn seeds tested in experimental vessels, being more efficient with respect to FBN, to cultivate corn BRS Gorutuba.