O invasor - Relações de alteridade e subalternização em obra contemporânea da literatura brasileira

Abstract

This work presents an study of Marçal Aquino‘s book ―O Invasor‖ (2011) in which the analysis intends to expand the interpretations of a kind of artistic manifestation that has shown to be more and more diversified, by managing a way of deconstruct and decentralize many so called modern theories, such as that one which supports the end of the narrative, in order to offer an interpretation of cultural multiplicity that can be thrown over the literary pieces. Concerning the problematics around the discourse conveyed by the modern chains of thought, it is convenient to comprehend how the subjects/characters presented by such contemporary pieces are shown under the light of narratives that intend to be canonical. Thus, it is necessary to understand how discourse, as well as identity and study case revealed by those books work, so that can by emphasized the way institutionalized discourses privilege the views of society-s hegemonic groups , inside the class fight between the rich and the poor, in which the first group want to maintain the subordination over the other. Domination discourses generalyenglobe the conceptions about the identity of the subordinates, the relations of alterity, and the recognition of the poor as the difference expressed in the capitalist relations of power. Given that, this research has as its main objective to reveal that, although the domination discourses still persists, it is not easily accepted anymore by the marginalized groups. It means that, deliberately or not, the narrative shows this non-acceptance, once it is visible that the poor also have a power of resistance over the rich. Even though such power is never materialized, its presence is yet sensed in the immaterial production of the multitude, by the cooperating singularities. In the specific case of the book concerning this research, the poor‘s immaterial production consists in a powerful weapon, if we consider that this story is conducted by a character-narrator who represents Brazilian elite of big urban centers. Given that the discourses are intended to equalize representations, they are confronted with the literary image of the subordinated people, as well as it is questioned the separation between the author‘s life and work, which is privileged by some tradition of literary studies. So, based on the discourses shown in the book and their implications over social matters such as domination, it has been proven necessary to understand even a little about the real intensity of the life experienced in this narrative, i.e.: the tension experimented in the Brazilian poor communities, the life of the ordinary man, and the wants and needs of plural cultures. This research also implies an autoreflexion, given that it is crucial to try and understand contemporary literature, as well as the discussion about it, by regarding its form and content, observing its discourse, the ways of the domination and relation with the alterity, and the determination of spaces and sense of belonging that stresses the borders between the varied form of life. This work is divided into three chapters that seek making hum opposed to the criticism, the theory and the novel, always dialogic form and, respectively, it approach the discuss how theoretical and aesthetics questions end the relationship with life, otherness so the relationship with the Other subordinate and finally theinfluence of spatial question about the previous issue .