Seguimento farmacoterapêutico na Síndrome Metabólica: Um ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by an aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors related to insulin resistance, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia and visceral adiposity. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the impact of pharmaceutical care in the biochemical, anthropometric, hemodynamic parameters, number of PRMs, adherence, quality of life and cardiovascular risk patients with MS. The study was conducted in a Basic Health Unit in the city of Cuité/PB and covered the period from May to December 2014. Were included in the study of metabolic syndrome patients diagnosed according to the criteria adopted by the NCEP-ATP III, which were randomized in intervention and control groups; the first group received individual and monthly pharmaceutical interventions, while the control was exempt from these. The study results were evaluated after six months, compared to the values initially measured. The sample consisted of 63 subjects (n = 33 intervention group and n = 30 control group), with prevalence of females, mean age 64 years, and low edication. As for adherence, 50% of patients were considered adherent, but only 11.1% showed high adherence conduct. Used an average of 3.6 medications per patient and the predominant pharmacological classes were modifying agents of the lipid profile (21.3%), followed by antidiabetic agents (12.3%), thiazide diuretics (10.2%) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (8.6%). We identified 104 PRMs, an average of 2.2 per individual in the intervention group and 1.0 in the control group, with a prevalence of adherence PRMs (25%), followed by the of effectiveness PRMs (23.1%) and need (21.1%). Aiming to solve the PRMs, there were 76 pharmaceutical interventions, of which 64.5% were educational and / or behavioral, 35.5% were verbal referrals to the doctor for re-evaluation of pharmacotherapy or insertion of drug therapy for health problem untreated. At the end of the study, there were significant differences (p <0.05) in the parameters systolic arterial pressure (p = 0.003) and diastolic (p = 0.043), triglycerides (p = 0.034), adherence (0.026) and number of PRMs (p = 0.001) in the patients of the intervention group, while control group all parameters remained unchanged statistically. It was found, therefore, that the pharmaceutical care in domicile was effective and resulted in decreased average PRMs, improvement in adherence, blood pressure and serum concentration triglyceride of individuals in the intervention group.