Variabilidade genética em gergelim por meio de marcadores moleculares e morfoagronômicos

Abstract

Knowledge of the genetic variability of sesame is primordial to forward of improvement programs. To advance in this segment is crucial to have as much information on the main characteristics belonging to the sesame crop. Morphological, agronomic and molecular particulars are ways to study the genetic diversity, in order to identify sources of promising germplasm. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability among sesame genotypes using morphological and molecular markers. Data were subjected to methods of statistical analysis, which was chosen by cluster analysis, where the measure is effective and enables grouping of genotypes in classes, measured by the similarity. Were analyzed 36 genotypes of Sesamum indicum L. belonging to germplasm bank of EMBRAPA ALGODÃO. The experimental design was a randomized block, with experimental plots consist of three rows of three meters in length, with spacing of 1m x 0.20m. Ten oligonucleotides used was specific to sesame. ANOVA was adopted to evaluate quantitative variables, and the multicategorical method for qualitative data. Tocher and UPGMA methods for evaluation of materials were used. It was observed that UPGMA analysis showed better results for the cluster analysis. The agronomic and molecular markers were main contributors to the study of diversity among the accessions, enabling identifying characteristic of interest as precocity, and degree of similarity. It was observed the results to identify genetic variability of accesses investigated the germplasm bank sesame which can be applied in the breeding program.