Desenvolvimento de uma formulação de uso intracanal com atividade antimicrobiana obtida a partir de uma planta do semiárido brasileiro

Abstract

Due to the absence of a fully effective intracanal formulation, the search for new drugs from medicinal plants is necessary.In this case the Ximenia americana L., stink plant widely used in traditional medicine as antibacterial, may be used develop new formulations intracanal. However, there is no standardization of their extract by the pharmaceutical industry, with regard to studies of pre-formulation and standardization of analytical techniques to determine its safety, efficacy and quality. In this context, this study aimed to develop from X. americana L. one intracanal paste , with antimicrobial activity, applying parameters validation process for testing and microbiological potency determination of major chemical component, toxicological studies and drug excipient compatibility. Two types of extracts were obtained from the bark of X. American L, hydroalcoholic which was subsequently sprayed in spray dryer and that ethanol extract was concentrated on a rotary evaporator. For determination of antimicrobial activity, used the hidroalcólicos extracts applying the technique of agar / cylinder diffusion. Toxicological tests consisted in acute toxicity and cytotoxicity. Phytochemical analysis was based on quantitative determination of total polyphenols, total flavonoids, tannins condensed and total saponins. The major chemical compound was identified as gallic acid by high performance liquid chromatography efficiency as well as its determination, which was validated according to the official compendia. The validation of microbiological assay was performed X. American compared to standard (gallic acid). The study drug / excipient compatibility was accomplished by applying analytical techniques and term spectroscopy in the infrared region. X. American, showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus oralis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. As biosecurity, this plant showed no toxicity in the assays analyzed. Phytochemical analysis showed good concentrations of secondary metabolites. The marker was identified and quantified in the concentration of 12μg/mL. Regarding the microbiological assay, this presented, linearity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection and quantification and robustness. As for the compatibility study excipients that were incompatible in thermoanalytical techniques, spectroscopy, these incompatibilities were not as intense, with respect to removal of functional groups of excipients and the dry extract. Thus studies that show the development of a herbal medicine, as well as the characterization and standardization of the extract of X. American L are important because lack of official methodology that proves the quality, safety and efficacy of these products.