Estudo comparativo dos efeitos de biofertilizantes no crescimento e produção da bananeira nanica em dois ciclos sucessivos

Abstract

The banana plant is a vegetable species that exports of the soil great amounts of nutrients to sustain yours I invigorate growth and production of your fruits, answering well the organic manuring. The biofertilizer application is a valuable alternative for the fertilization of the soils, being supplying of nutrients and microorganisms, besides improving the chemical characteristics, physics and biological of the soil. It was aimed at to evaluate the effects of 5 types (B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 and B ) and 10 doses (varying from 0 to 2,7 L/plant/time) of biofertilizer in the growth and production of Tiny banana plant, in two successive cycles. The experiment was led in field conditions, in the period of March of 2010 to October of 2012, in the Escola Agrotécnica of the Cajueiro, Campus IV, State University of Paraíba, in the municipal district of Catolé of the Rocha-PB. The adopted experimental delineamento was it of blocks casualizados with 50 treatments, in the factorial outline 5 x 10, with four repetitions, totaling 200 experimental portions (1 plant/potryion). The effects of the types and biofertilizers doses, and of the interaction of these factors they were appraised on the variables of growth plant height, diameter of the pseudocaule, area to foliate unitary and area to foliate of the plant, and on the variables of production number of fruits for bunch, number of bunches for bunch, number of fruits for bunch, weight of bunches for bunch, medium weight of bunch, medium weight of the fruit and weight of the medium fruit of the Tiny banana plant in the first two cycles. The results show that: the effects of biofertilizer types were only significant in the plant height and in the area to foliate of the Tiny banana plant (2nd cycle); the biofertilizer with larger number of ingredients (B 5 5 ) it provided the largest plant height and the largest area to foliate of the Tiny banana plant (2nd cycle); the vegetative growth (height, diameter of the pseudocaule, area to foliate unitary and area to foliate of the plant) of the plant daughter (2nd cycle), in function of biofertilizer types, it overcame him/it of the plant mother (1st cycle) in up to 9,0%; the plant height was the only variable of growth of the Tiny banana plant that didn't suffer significant effects of biofertilizer doses in the two studied cycles; the great doses of biofertilizer that provided the largest values of the growth variables rotated around 1,57 L/plant/time for the plants of the first cycle and of 1,51 L/plant/time for the plants of the second; in the great doses of biofertilizer, the vegetative growth (diameter of the pseudocaule, area to foliate unitary and area to foliate of the plant) of the plant daughter it overcame him/it of the plant mother in up to 9,5%; the biofertilizer doses above the great limits reduced the growth of the Tiny banana plant, in the two studied cycles; the largest number of fruits for bunch was obtained when the dose of 1,8 L/plant/time of the biofertilizer was used B in the Tiny banana plant (2nd cycle); the largest values of number of bunches for bunch and weight of bunches for bunch were obtained with the use of the dose of 2,7 L/plant/time in the Tiny banana plant (2nd cycle); the largest number of fruits for bunch was obtained with the use of the dose of 1,5 L/plant/time of the biofertilizer B 5

in the Tiny banana plant (1st cycle); the largest values of medium weight of bunch and of medium weight of the fruit they were obtained when the dose of 2,7 L/plant/time of the biofertilizer was used B in the Tiny banana plant (1st cycle); the largest weight of the medium fruit was obtained with the use of the dose of 1,5 L/plant/time of the biofertilizer B 5 in the Tiny banana plant (1st cycle).