POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SAÚDE: REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA NO CONTEXTO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPINA GRANDE-PB

Abstract

Mental sickness is considered to be a problem of the public health system due to its biopsicosocial, cultural and economical implications.Confronted by the inhuman and descriminatory conditions faced by the sick and their families when they are attended at the hospitals, the health professionals, govenment and the society have come together in a joint effort to start a new attending system for the mentally sick in the last few years.The main objective of this study was to analyse, describe and document the policies for the reorganization of the psychiatric hospital of Campina Grande in the state of Paraiba according to the recommendations established by the psychiatric reform which was approved in april 2001 through the law number 3657 of 1989. The research was of the descriptive, analytical and documental type done in a determined period, where the universe was made up of medical files of the patients attended during the studied period, health professionals, coordinators of the mental health of the state of Paraiba and politicians who presided over the psychiatric reform. The sample was of 23 health professionals from a group of 66, 384 medical files of the patients attended during the period of study (2000-2002) chosen randomly amongst the 8333 existing files.The techniques of a semi structured and documental interviews were adopted where a form and a questionaire were used. The results showed that 65.9% were males, 69.5% were in the age group of 15 to 45, most of them did not belong to Campina Grande (64.1%), 80.7% were unmarried, 35.2 % were in hospitals for less than a year and of the attended patients 29.2% were diagonised with non organic psychosis followed by Simple Schizophrenia (20.0%) and 18.0% with behavorial problems due to the use of alcohol. Although the medical staff,coordinators of mental health and the politicians said that they were aware of the changes proposed by the psychiatric reform and though mental health is a priority for the ruling government, however here in Campina Grande seems like it has not been noticed, the reason being a lack of social mobilization, lack of conscienceness of the family, rejection of the family towards the mentally sick and a complete lack of interest of the politicians and the directors of SUS (government health system). This situation is contracdictoroy to the recommendations of the psychiatric reform , the aim of which is to extinguish and/or reduce these problems and establish a decentralized and humanized asissentence through a network of services ,to protect and rehabilitate them socially and biologically in order to guaranty a living for the mentally sick who are excluded from the society.