UTILIZAÇÃO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS EM PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS

Abstract

The discovery of antimicrobials provided a significant reduction in infections and promoted a significant improvement in the population s quality of life. However, this reality provoked an inadequate use of these medicines, and consequently, the appearance of lineages of bacteria resistant to the action of antibiotics. Clinical usage of antimicrobials in hospitals brings individual and collective consequences because it affects the individual who uses this pharmaceutical and the microbiology of the hospital atmosphere. Thus, the main objective was to get to know the patterns of antimicrobial usage in the public hospital. A transversal study was performed, in which all prescriptions of the patients in the different clinics of the hospital who used an antimicrobial agent during internment were analyzed. Therapeutic use of antimicrobials represented 89% of the cases studied in pediatrics. Prophylactic usage occurred in all of the maternity and surgery cases, and in 81% of the clinical oncology cases. Antimicrobial consumption was primarily prophylactic, being first generation cephalosporin the most prescribed pharmaceutical. Therapeutic usage occurred principally in pediatrics and the most prescribed medications were penicillin, gentamicine and chloramphenicol. Empiric therapeutics was predominant. Inadequate use of chloramphenicol and the need for controlling measures in the usage of antimicrobials were observed in the different clinics.