Trauma crânio encefálico em vítimas de causas externas atendidas em um serviço de emergência médica

Abstract

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of victims from traumatic brain injury by external causes at medical emergency service Methods: Cross sectional study with a sample of 958 medical records of patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injury treated at Hospital Emergency and Trauma Senador Humberto Lucena in João Pessoa / PB, from January to December 2011. The survey instrument consisted of a form with the variables: sex, age, day of week and time of occurrence of trauma, injury mechanism, presence and type of fracture, Glasgow Coma Scale, severity of traumatic brain injury, Marshall classification and deaths. Was used SPSS 18 software for data analyzes. In case of bivariate analyzes were employed Chi-Square and Fisher Exact tests, was considered statistical significance value same (p<.05). Results: Among the victims, there was a predominance of males (84.1%), aged between 20 and 29 years (26.9%). Transport accidents and falls were the most common mechanisms (62.8% and 20.4%) respectively, a high mortality was observed among those who had Glasgow &#8804; 8 (53%) and Marshall class III (63.6%) and IV (100%). In elderly population there was predominance of male (64.4%) with falls (62.5%) being the more frequent than transport accidents (31%). There was statistical significance between the occurrence of traffic accidents and presence of fractures (p <0.001, PR= 4.38 [1.75 to 10.98]), with the mild trauma (72.1%) the most frequent in this population. Conclusion: Young adult males stand out in the occurrence of traumatic brain injury. The main etiologies are falls and transport accidents, there was predominance of mild trauma.