Avaliação sialométrica e sialoquímica em pacientes portadores de doenças renais submetidos à hemodiálise

Abstract

In recent years a number of studies involving saliva, which represents an important oral and systemic diagnostics for such as chronic kidney disease that is quite prevalent worldwide and has a number of not only systemic as well as in the oral cavity changes. This study evaluated the salivary parameters (pH, buffer capacity and salivary flow) and sialochemicals (calcium, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein, amylase and alkaline phosphatase) for patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis, in Campina Grande - Paraíba. The study method was observational and cross-cut evaluating the medical records, an anamnesis, collection of unstimulated and stimulated saliva and sialochemical analysis. Of the 134 patients evaluated it was found that most of them were males (60%) and between 41 and 60 years old (41.80%) and had a hemodialysis treatment period between 2 and 5 years (36.57%). As for bad habits, it was observed that the habit of smoking was denied by the majority (45.52%) and the habit of alcoholism was reported as practiced in the past before the existence of renal disease (61.19%). Regarding comorbidities, the most common were circulatory disorders (61.19%) and the unknown causes of CKD reported about 44.78%. Salivary flow in unstimulated and stimulated parameters the medians were 0.43 ml / min and 1.69 ml / min respectively, with a median of 8.1 pH and buffering capacity with an average of 6.01. There was a statistically significant correlation between pH and comorbidity (p = 0.032) between the unstimulated salivary flow and age (p = 0.021) and between the flow and stimulated with PCR (p = 0.007). By analyzing the relationship of salivary biochemical parameters; creatinine, urea, calcium, alkaline phosphatase and amylase in the PCR saliva it was found a statistically significant correlation (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between salivary alkaline phosphatase and circulatory disorders and salivary pH in the presence of comorbidities such as circulatory disorders and diabetes (p <0.05). Given these results, one can infer that the systemic inflammation of CKD patients reflected in the salivary composition, and therefore the saliva is a non-invasive diagnosis method to analyze the components of renal impairment in hemodialysis patients.