Estado de conservação da mata ripária do Riacho Bodocongó

Abstract

In semiarid Caatinga biome predominates with a heterogeneous vegetation, called caatinga, endowed with mechanisms associated with water deficit due to geomorphological and climatic characteristics of the region. Changes in the natural and anthropogenic, this region has been the loss of vegetation cover. Since the water is limiting, it is essential to preserve the forests for the preservation of rivers. In order to expand knowledge of the floristic and phytosociological component shrub - tree vegetation, this study aimed to diagnose the state of vegetation conservation of the Riacho of Bodocongó, consolidating a database that can support programs for their recovery. The study was conducted in areas found along the route of the Riacho Bodocongó, from where the Riacho Bodocongó borns, in the town of Puxinanã, traveling by Campina Grande, Caturité, Queimadas and near Barra de Santana. 16 transects were plotted in environments strategic geographically located in areas adjacent, perpendicular to the stream and in each transect was plotted six equidistant points with systematic distribution (10 mx 60 m). The first point of each transect started 10m from the edge of the fragment. The four individuals closest point in each quadrant was sampled using the criteria of inclusion of species and a diameter of the ground level (DNS) ≥ 3 cm and height ≥ 1m. Phytosociological parameters were calculated frequency, density, dominance, importance value, cover value. Were also calculated Shannon diversity indices-Wiener (H') and Pielou s equability (J'), and other parameters, Sorensen similarity index, Payandeh, and basal area. We recorded 110 individuals, 22 species, 19 genera and 10 families. The most representative families were Fabaceae (8), Anacardiaceae (3), Euphorbiaceae(2), Cactaceae (2) and Capparaceae (2) The similarity revealed heterogeneity of vegetation smallest species number. The species of greatest importance were Prosopis juliflora(Sw.) DC, Amburana cearensis (Allemão) ACSM, Croton sonderianus Muell. Arg, Mimosa spp, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth Pithecellobium dulce (Rouxb.), Benth, Jatropha pohlianaMuell. Arg, L, Crateva tapia, Anacardium occidentale L. Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. Among the most important values of the prevailing species P. juliflora (37.29%) than the other species, resembling the results obtained by Trovão, et al., (2010). In the spatial distribution showed characteristic dominant species grouped. The total basal area was 4.543 ha-¹ infers that the vegetation is in early regeneration showing that undergoes disturbances significantly altering the ecosystem.