Fatores associados à disfunção temporomandibular e à dor orofacial em escolares adolescentes de Campina Grande PB

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of TMD and orofacial pain possible risk factors in adolescent students in high school. Method: Cross sectional, quantitative descriptive and analytical study with 95% CI. This included 461 adolescents from Campina Grande, Paraíba, ranging in age from 14 to 17 years, belonging to public and private schools from a probabilistical sample. As instruments for data collection were adopted face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire and clinical examination, both performed in the school environment and under natural lighting. In addition to the TDM symptoms classified according to the Fonseca Anamnesis Index, sex, age, type of school, grade, occupation, family income, marital status, masticatory preference side, level of anxiety and number of missing teeth were analyzed. The survey occurred during March 2011 with prior project approval under CAAE 0124.0.133.000-10. Results: Most of volunteers were female, single and they were from public schools with 15,62 ± 0.973 years mean age, the monthly household income was up to two minimum wages and they studied as occupation. They had unilateral chewing on the right side, considered themselves very anxious and 18% had tooth loss. TMD symptoms were reported by 75.1% of those assessed with 53.8% as mild, 19.1% as moderate and 2.2% as severe. Conclusion: Sex, grade of secondary education, family income, marital status, masticatory preference side and anxiety being significant risk factors for such disorder in the adolescent population.